Morphological tags

All the words are analysed with dictionary form + grammatical tags. Each tag is introduced with a "+" sign. We thus have

biilla biila+N+Sg+Acc
boađán boahtit+V+Ind+Prs+Sg1

Note that you have to add the part of speech twice when you use the derivational tag:

boradišgohten boradit+V+Der/goahti+V+Ind+Prt+Sg1

The main parts of speech (POS) for North Sámi are:

Nouns, adjectives, verbs, pronouns, adverbs, particles, subjunctions, conjunctions, postpositions, prepositions and interjections.

The string is "+N+Number+Case+Possessivesuffix+Clitic". The word form "biilasgo" is thus analysed as "biila+N+Sg+Gen+PxSg3+Qst".

Here is a list of the nominal tags, given in the same order as for the analysis. Note that the grammatical categories in parentheses can be omitted.

Used non-attributively the adjective resembles the noun:

Used attributively the adjective has a quite simple tag scheme:

Finite and infinite verb forms have quite distinct paradigms. Finite first:

Infinite verb forms:

Other derived verb forms:

Here is an example: "addit" > addit+V+N+Actor+Pl+Nom

The personal, demonstrative and interrogative pronouns:

baseform+Pron+Pers+NumberPerson+Case

Example:

underlying form: mun+Pron+Pers+Sg1+Com, surface form: muinna
dat+Pron+Dem+Pl+Nom

The reflexive pronouns:

baseform+Pron+pronoun_type+Case(+possessive suffix)

Example: underlying form: ieš+Pron+Refl+Loc+PxDu1, surface form: alddáme

These have their POS tag as their only tag:

underlying form: birra+Pr or birra+Po
surface form:    birra

+A

Adjective

+Adv

Adverb

+CC

Conjunction

+CS

Subjunction

+Interj

Interjection

+N

Noun

+Num

Numeral

+Pcle

Particle

+Po

Postposition

+Pr

Preposition

+Pron

Pronoun

+V

Verb

+Dem

Demonstrative

+Indef

Indefinite

+Interr

Interrogative

+Pers

Person

+Prop

Propernoun

+Recipr

Reciprocal

+Refl

Reflexive

+Rel

Relative

+ABBR

Abbreviation

+ACR

Accronym

+Acc

Accusative

+Actio

Actio form of the verb

+Actor

Actor noun

+Attr

Attributive

+CLB

Clause boundary

+Card

Cardinal

+Cmpnd

Compound (inconsistent with other notation for this tag)

+Cmpnd+

Compound (left tag)(inconsistent with other notation for this tag)

+Com

Comitative

+Comp

Comperative

+ConNeg

Negationform of the verb

+Cond

Conditional

+Du

Dual

+Du1

Dual 1. person

+Du2

Dual 2. person

+Du3

Dual 3. person

+Ess

Essive

+Foc/ba

Focusclitic (-)ba

+Foc/bat

Focusclitic (-)bat

+Foc/be

Focusclitic (-)be

+Foc/ge

Focusclitic (-)ge

+Foc/gen

Focusclitic (-)gen

+Foc/ges

Focusclitic (-)ges

+Foc/gis

Focusclitic (-)gis

+Foc/hal

Focusclitic (-)hal

+Foc/han

Focusclitic (-)han

+Foc/naj

Focusclitic (-)nai

+Foc/naj+Qst

Focusclitic (-)naigo

+Foc/son

Focusclitic (-)son

+Gen

Genitive

+Ger

Gerund

+Guess

Tag indicating form not in the lexicon !Not in use

+IV

Intrasitive verb

+Ill

Illative

+Imprt

Imperative

+ImprtII

Imperative II

+Ind

Indicative

+Inf

Infinitive

+LEFT

Left parenthesis

+Loc

Locative

+Neg

Negationverb

+Nom

Nominative

+Ord

Ordinal

+PUNCT

Punctuation other than clause boundaries"/", "(", ")", "+"

+Der/PassL, +Der/PassS

Long and short passive

+Pl

Plural

+Pl1

Plural 1. person

+Pl2

Plural 2. person

+Pl3

Plural 3. person

+PlGenCmp

Plural genitive compound

+Pot

Potential

+PrfPrc

Perfect participle

+Prs

Present tense

+PrsPrc

Present participle

+Prt

Preteritum

+PxDu1

Possessivesuffix dual 1. person

+PxDu2

Possessivesuffix dual 2. person

+PxDu3

Possessivesuffix dual 3. person

+PxPl1

Possessivesuffix plural 1. person

+PxPl2

Possessivesuffix plural 1. person

+PxPl3

Possessivesuffix plural 1. person

+PxSg1

Possessivesuffix singular 1. person

+PxSg2

Possessivesuffix singular 2. person

+PxSg3

Possessivesuffix singular 3. person

+Qst

Question clitic (-)go

+Qst+Foc/son

Question clitic

+RIGHT

Right parenthesis

+Sg

Singular

+Sg1

Singular 1. person

+Sg2

Singular 2. person

+Sg3

Singular 3. person

+SgCmp

Singular compound

+SgGenCmp

Singular genitive compound

+SgNomCmp

Singular nominative compound

+Sup

Supinum

+Superl

Superlative

+TV

Transitive verb

+VAbess

Verb abessive

+VGen

Verb genitive

+Der/Dimin

Diminutive

+Der/adda

suffix

+Der/ahtti

suffix

+Der/alla

suffix

+Der/amoš

suffix

+Der/asti

suffix

+Der/aš

suffix

+Der/d

suffix

+Der/duohkai

suffix

+Der/duohke

suffix

+Der/eaddji

suffix

+Der/eamoš

suffix

+Der/eapmi

suffix

+Der/easti

suffix

+Der/g

suffix

+Der/geahtes

suffix

+Der/goahti

suffix

+Der/h

suffix

+Der/halla

suffix

+Der/hat

suffix

+Der/heapmi

suffix

+Der/hudda

suffix

+Der/huhtti

suffix

+Der/huvva

suffix

+Der/j

suffix

+Der/l

suffix

+Der/las

suffix

+Der/laš

suffix

+Der/lágan

suffix

+Der/meahttun

suffix

+Der/muš

suffix

+Der/n

suffix

+Der/st

suffix

+Der/stuvva

suffix

+Der/supmi

suffix

+Der/upmi

suffix

+Der/us

suffix

+Der/viđi

suffix

+Der/viđá

suffix

+Der/vuohta

suffix

+Der/vuolde

suffix

+Der/vuollai

suffix

+Der/vuolle

suffix

+Der/š

suffix

These are tags used for classifying names, e.g. +Prop+Fem

+Ani

Animal name

+Fem

Female

+Mal

Male

+Obj

Object

+Org

Organisation name

+Plc

Place name

+Sur

Surname

+WEB

Web addresse

Determiner or Pronoun

the POSs of words like buot, dat, etc. get different terms in the literature.

Nickel:

• indefinite pronouns ("ubestemte pronomen"): vaikko mii, mihkkege, buot, buohkat, eanas...

Vesa Guttorm:

• determiner ("pronomendeterminatiiva")

Magga 1980:

• demonstrative pronouns ("čujuheaddji pronomenat"): dat, dát, diet, duot, dot
• interrogative pronouns ("gažaldatpronomenat")
• relative pronouns ("relatiivapronomenat")
• personal pronouns ("persovnnalaš pronomenat")
• indefinite pronouns ("indefinihtta (mearritkeahtes) pronomenat"): muhtun, soames, goappašagat
• reciprocal pronouns ("resiprohka pronomenat: goabbat buoibmame, guhtet guoimmiset")

Outi Kilpimaa:

• determiner ("dat-determinánttalš"): dat,...